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Operation Sindoor began in the early hours of May 7, 2025, when India struck nine locations in Pakistan and Pakistan-administered Kashmir following the Pahalgam terror attack. What began as a targeted counter-terror operation developed into an intense India-Pakistan military confrontation involving missiles, drones, air-defence systems, artillery and strikes on military installations before both sides agreed to halt military action on May 10. More than a year later, Operation
India has reaffirmed that the Indus Waters Treaty remains in abeyance, while Pakistan has renewed warnings over water rights through statements by political and military leaders. The dispute remains a key issue in India-Pakistan relations with implications for regional diplomacy and water security.
The Simla Agreement, signed in 1972 after the India-Pakistan war, remains the cornerstone of bilateral relations. Here's what it says and why it still matters today.
